Population aging and long-term care policies in the Gulf region: a case study of Oman

Population aging is a phenomenon occurring across the globe including in countries traditionally exhibiting population dividends and “youth bulges.” The Gulf Corporation Council countries are no exception as they currently experience a process of population aging, albeit at a different stage from many developed countries. However, due to historically high fertility rates and fast-paced epidemiological transition, some of these countries will experience population aging at a higher pace than what has been observed in Europe and the United States. This article reviews recent developments in long-term care policies in the Gulf region with a focus on Oman as an example of a high-income Arab country that is experiencing population aging while still being governed by traditional family aged-care norms. Utilizing existing data and published research complemented by policy analysis and field visits, we analyze the process of population aging in Oman and neighboring countries and its policy implications.     

基于在线评论数据的产品需求趋势挖掘

随着经济水平的提高和物质生活的丰富，消费者的需求变化也越来越快。能否迎合市场需求的变化是企业产品成功的关键。随着社交媒体的发展，消费者为了分享购物体验发表了许多在线评论信息，其中蕴含着消费者的需求变化。本文在产品特征提取和属性情感分析的基础上，构建了垃圾评论识别模型。然后，利用时间序列分析模型预测下阶段的产品属性关注度和情感计算。最后结合历史数据的变化趋势，分析产品属性的重要性和市场满意情况。利用汽车论坛上的汽车评论数据对本文提出的研究模型进行了验证。研究结果可以为企业制定营销策略以及产品改进与创新提供决策支持。     

法治理想及其要求

法治是当今世界公认的一种重要政治价值。法治理想的要义是通过法律规范的途径来限制任意专断权力的运作。为达到这一目标,法律规范在形式上必须满足富勒提出的八项要求,并且必须确立法律的正当程序来保障法律规范得到适当的运用。我们可以把这两方面称作法治理想形式与程序方面的要求。法治理想的要义还有助于我们理解人们围绕法治的一些重要争论,如关于实质性法治观念的争论,关于立法性法律的争论等。     

海德格尔的“实用主义”和本原思想——对奥克伦特的海德格尔解读之实用主义视角的反思

对海德格尔的实用主义解读构成了美国海德格尔学者们的一个重要研究进路,但是实用主义视角下的海德格尔在欧陆学者看来是对海德格尔的曲解,因为这一视角抹去了海德格尔现象学的先验维度或者说本原思想。本文以奥克伦特对海德格尔时间性概念的实用主义解读为例,阐明海德格尔时间性概念的本原意义如何在实用主义视角下被消解,并指出海德格尔的本原思想在这一视角中“隐身”的根源。     

基于灰色BP神经网络的员工需求预测

人员配置直接影响企业的生产经营活动,一份科学合理的员工需求预测对企业的作用不言而喻。以某制造业为研究对象,搜集整理2005—2017年数据。利用SPSS做相关性分析,选取固定资产、开发支出等6项员工需求影响因素。运用灰色BP神经网络理论,预测未来3年员工需求。结果表明：灰色BP神经网络比灰色预测模型具有更高的精确度;虽然灰色BP神经网络具有较高的精确度,但其结果受参数影响较大,如何确定参数则是未来研究的一个方向;灰色BP神经网络的预测结果对企业招聘、员工关系管理等模块具有一定的指导意义。     

论劳务派遣向正式雇佣的转换

劳务派遣的超常发展背离了立法本意,产生严重的负面效应,其回归理性发展轨道的路径之一在于向正式雇佣转换。基于用工自由与社会公正相平衡、法律管制与放松管制相协调、劳务派遣的过渡性特征等政策考量,劳务派遣转正具有充分正当性。在法律管制升格的背景下,劳务派遣向正式雇佣转换成为刚性的要求,因之在法律上需提供转换进行的通道和规则指引。对超出法定适用范围的劳务派遣,可以强制性地法律拟制为在用工单位与劳动者之间成立直接劳动关系,但应以不违背劳动法理的方式进行。合理范围内的劳务派遣,亦可依当事人协商机制而转化为直接雇佣。     

Analysis of Spanish policies for the integration of immigrant schoolchildren

The Organic Law on the Improvement of the National Education Quality (Ley Orgánica de Reforma de la Calidad Educativa) readdressed one of the most significant educational issues: educational policies related to immigrant students. Therefore, this is an appropriate moment to evaluate these types of policies in three singular Spanish regions: Madrid, Catalonia and Andalusia. This article presents an analysis of the measures taken in three Spanish regions: Madrid, Catalonia and Andalusia in response to students’ reception, acceptance and enrolment of immigrant students. A qualitative methodology based on the comparative method is used. Diverse similarities, but also specific characteristics and differences, can be found among the three models associated with each region. There are several significant differences that can be appreciated, such as the institutional role, as well as other specific measures. However, singular features are also identified, such as the diverse policies for the use of the vehicular language in each of the cases. Finally, the comparisons highlight various critical aspects, such as attention devoted to the students’ native language and progress towards intercultural education in school strategies and planning.     

Managing dependency in China outsourcing relationships

Abstract

This paper examines manufacturing firms’ use of guanxi and formal control to address dependence on suppliers and achieve desired outsourcing performance in China. Using survey data collected from manufacturing firms operating in China, a structural equation model is used to test the research model. The results suggest that manufacturing firms with high dependence on suppliers build Chinese guanxi with those suppliers to overcome the dependence and enhance outsourcing performance. In addition, Chinese guanxi also appears to facilitate the use of formal control, which was also found to have a positive relationship with outsourcing performance. This paper contributes to the literature by illustrating the importance of guanxi in achieving desired outsourcing performance in the China context, particularly in the case where a manufacturer perceives high dependency on its major supplier.     

有无之辩视野下的本体论范畴体系建构

在查明存在者的“库存清单”时，本体论必做的一项工作是建构范畴体系。随着认识的发展，本体论还分化出了形式本体论这一分支。它的任务之一就是利用逻辑学成果及方法反观已有的范畴体系建构，探讨建构的方法论。随着非存在研究或有无之辩向纵深推进而出现的一个新的问题是，如果像迈农主义所说的那样，非存在对象也有其特定的“有”的地位，那么在本体论范畴体系的建构中，有无必要给予它们以适当的地位呢？如果有必要，又该如何建构？一个合格的本体论范畴体系应有助于人们从整体上、更清楚明白、更简单地把握世界，同时又不能遗漏主要的存在类别，如不能遗忘非存在，还要能如实反映不同存在在实在性程度上的差别，既不能疏忽低级的存在形式，又不能把没有存在地位的东西硬扯进来。根据这些要求，文章对本体论范畴体系建构提出了一种新的尝试。     

基于知识流动的软件需求开发双因素模型

软件需求开发本质上是知识流动的过程。基于需求开发知识流动的发生过程,从双因素理论的视角,将影响软件需求开发过程中知识流动的各种因素归纳为保障因素和促进因素两大类,提出了需求开发知识流动的"双因素"模型,并对各类因素及其相互关系进行了较为详细的论述。